Nanochannels are channels with at least one dimension in the nanoscale, ranging from 1 to 100 nm. The nanometer scale of the structure allows the discovery of a new range of phenomena that has not been possible in traditional microchannels. Over the last few years, a lot attention has been paid to utilize the synthetic artificial nanochannels (nanopores) as tools for ultrasensitive biosensors, for regulating and separating ions and molecules in electrolyte solutions, and for energy harvesting. Inspired by the electricfield controlled electron/hole transport in MOSFETs, cation/anion transport through a nanochannel can be regulated in a similar fashion, which may lead to various interesting phenomena and applications. Here I will present the principles, fabrication techniques, and potential applications of the voltage gated ion transport in a solid-state nanochannel, driven by either (1) a potential gradient or (2) a concentration gradient.